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The term "Palestine refugee",〔 originally included both Arabs and Jews whose normal place of residence was in Mandatory Palestine but were displaced and lost their livelihoods as a result of the 1948 Palestine war. Today, the term "Palestinian refugees" refers primarily to the patrilineal descendants of "Persons who meet UNRWA’s Palestine Refugee criteria" originating in the Mandate, as per the UNRWA definition.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.unrwa.org/userfiles/2010011995652.pdf )〕 In 2012, the number of registered patrilineal descendants of the original "Palestine refugees",〔 based on the UNRWA registration requirements, is estimated to be 4,950,000,〔"() Deputy Secretary of State Tom Nides (..) affirmed the State Department’s view on the number of Palestinian refugees (..) that the UN and Works Agency for Palestinian Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) “provides essential services for approximately 5 million refugees,” (..) Middle East Forum founder Daniel Pipes recently noted in an op-ed for Israel Hayom that only 1 percent of the refugees served by UNRWA fit the agency’s definition of “people whose normal place of residence was Palestine between June 1946 and May 1948, who lost both their homes and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict.” The other 99 percent are descendants of refugees."〕〔〔〔 of which an estimated 1,5 million live in UNRWA camps. The number of original refugees "who meet UNRWA’s Palestine Refugee criteria" has declined from 711,000 in 1950 to approximately 30,000 to 50,000 in 2012.〔Michael Chiller-Glaus, ''Tackling the Intractable: Palestinian Refugees and the Search for Middle East Peace,'' Peter Lang, 2007 p.81-82.〕 During the 1948 Palestine War, around 85% (720,000 people) of the Palestinian Arab population of what has now become Israel fled or were expelled from their homes, to the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, and to the countries of Lebanon, Syria and Jordan.〔Michael Dumper, 'Introduction,' p. 2.〕 They, and their descendants, who are also entitled to registration, are assisted by UNWRA in 59 registered camps, 10 of which were established in the aftermath of the Six-Day War in 1967 to cope with new Palestinian refugees.〔UNWRA, (Palestine refugees )〕 Being the only refugees in the world to be mainly inherited, including unregistered, displaced persons and refugee descendants, the Palestinian Arab refugee and displaced population has grown the largest in the world.〔Dumper, 'Introduction,'p.6〕 They are also the world's oldest unsettled refugee population, having been under the ongoing governance of Arab states following the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and the refugee populations of Gaza and the West Bank under Israeli governance since the Six Day War. Citizenship or legal residency in host countries is denied in Lebanon where the absorption of Palestinians would upset a delicate confessional balance, but available in Jordan where approximately 40% of UNWRA-registered Palestinian refugees have acquired full citizenship rights.〔Rex Brynen, 'Perspectives on Palestinian repatriation,' in (ed.) ''Palestinian Refugee Repatriation: Global Perspectives,'' Taylor & Francis, 2006, pp. 63–86 p. 80.〕〔Menachem Klein, 'The Palestinian refugees of 1948: models of allowed and denied return,' in Dumper, 2006 pp. 87–106, p. 93.〕 Non-binding UN General Assembly Resolution 194, Article 11 "resolves that the refugees" who wish to "live at peace with their neighbors … should be permitted" to return to their homes at the "earliest practicable date"〔(Resolution 194 (III) ) @unispal; 11 December 1948 (doc.nr. A/RES/194 (III)).; Votes: (United Nations Dag Hammarskjold Library )〕 (11 December 1948).〔Michael Dumper, 'Introduction' to M.Dumper (ed.)''Palestinian Refugee Repatriation: Global Perspectives,'' Taylor & Francis, 2006 pp.1-22, p.2.〕 This forms one basis for the Palestinian political claim for a 'right of return'. Though the 1948 refugees and their descendants are broadly defined as "refugees" (''laji'un''), Palestinians make several distinctions. The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), especially those who have returned and form part of the PNA, but also Palestinian refugee camp residents in Lebanon, repudiate this term, since it implies being a passive victim, and prefer the autonym of 'returnees' (''a'idun'').〔Helena Lindholm Schulz, with Juliane Hammer, ''The Palestinian Diaspora: Formation of Identities and Politics of Homeland,'' Psychology Press reprint 2003 p. 130.〕 Those who left since 1967, and their descendants, are called ''nazihun'' or 'displaced persons', though many descend from the 1948 group.〔Michael Chiller-Glaus, ''Tackling the Intractable: Palestinian Refugees and the Search for Middle East Peace,'' Peter Lang, 2007 p. 82, as opposed to ''muwatinun'' (citizens).〕 An independent poll conducted in 2003 with the Palestinian populations of Gaza, West Bank, Jordan and Lebanon showed that the majority (54%) would accept a financial compensation and a place to live in West Bank or Gaza in place of returning to the exact place in modern-day Israel where they or their ancestors lived (this possibility of settlement is contemplated in the Resolution 194). Only 10% said they would live in Israel if given the option.〔(The Palestinian ‘Right of Return’: Abbas Wades into the Morass ), ''Time Magazine'', November 6, 2012〕 ==Definitions== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Palestinian refugee」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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